What is Preliminary Approval?

Class action glossary term

Short Definition

The court’s initial approval allowing notice to be sent and the claims process to begin (before final approval).

What It Means

Most settlements go through two stages: preliminary approval and final approval. After preliminary approval, class members are notified and can submit claims, opt out, or object. The settlement isn’t final until the court grants final approval and any appeals are resolved.

Example

Example: The court grants preliminary approval and orders that notices be mailed and posted online.

Why It Matters

It’s when deadlines typically start running—so it’s when you need to pay attention.

Related Terms

Final approval hearing (fairness hearing)

Notice of Proposed Settlement

Settlement notice (class notice)

Primary Source

Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (Rule 23(e)(1))

Transparency

This class action term is explained for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Definitions and applications may vary by jurisdiction and case context.

To see how this term is applied in real cases, explore current and past class action settlements.